Surface condenser.



C. A. PARSONS & S. S. COOK.

SURFACE CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I0. 1913.

1,144,235. Patented June 22, 1915.

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SURFACE CONDENSEH.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. Io. |913.

1,144,235. Patented June 22, 1915.`

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CHARLES ALG-ERNON PARSONS, OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, AND STANLEY SMITH COOK, OF WALLSEND-UPON-TYNE, ENGLAND; SAID COOK ASSIGNOR T O SAID PARSONS.

SURFACE CONDENSER.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Application iled February 10, 1913. Serial No.'747,374;

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, K. C. B., a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residingat Heaton Works, N ewcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county of Northumberland, England, and STANLEY SMITH COOK, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Turbinia Works, Wallsend-upon-Tyne, in the county of Northumberland, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Surface Condensers, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to improvements in surface condensers, viz., those in which the vapor to be condensed (which for lconvenience will hereinafter be referred to as steam) is caused to come into external contact with a number of tubes through which a cooling medium is passed and relates more particularly to such condensers which have a crosssectional area less in one dimension than in another perpendicular thereto, and in which the natural direction of flow between the inlet and outlet, owing to their relative positions, is along a path of greater length than the shorter dimension of the condenser.

The conditions under which such condensers are employed often necessitate a large rate of condensation per square foot of vthe tube surface, particularly for instance when such condensers are used with the turbine installations for modern high speed vessels on account of the large power adopted for such installations, and the limited space available for and consequently restricted size of the condenser. Under these circumstances a considerable difference in pressure exists between the inlet to the condenser and the exhaust therefrom owing to the high velocity of the steam between the tubes, a condition which is inimical to good vacuum 'being obtained at the exhaust end of the turbine.

The object of the present invention, therefore, is to enable such drop in pressure toy be reduced as far aspossible, and also to obtain a generally improved form of condenser.

The invention consists in a condenser having across sectional area less in one dimension than in v another perpendicular thereto, in which the steam or other vapor to be condensed is caused to flow at approximately all parts of the condenser in a direc- The invention also consists in the improved vform of condenser hereinafter described.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings z-Figure l is a diagrammatic cross section of a vessel indicating the position of the condenser relative to the turbine and the framing of the vessel. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line Z Z of Fig. 3 through a condenser according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the condenser, shown in Figs. l to 2, viewed from the steam inlet side. Fig. 4, is a crosssectional plan of Fig. 3, the sections on the left and right hand being taken on the planes'Y Y and X X respectively.

As will be seen 'from Fig. l, the position of the condenser, a, placed as it is between the turbine, b, and the framing, c, of the vessel requires that the condenser body shall be deep and narrow with the inlet, d, thereto in the upper part of the condenser, and the exhaust, e, therefrom arranged at the bottom. Under these conditions, the direction of flow of the steam owing to the relative positions of the inlet, d, and the exhaust, e, will be along the greatest dimension of the condenser, so that the steam has to traverse the spaces between the tubes at high velocity, and on this account and also becauseit has to traverse a great number of rows of tubes' a considerable difference in pressure exists between the inlet, (Z, and the exhaust, e, of the condenser, a condition which is inimical to good vacuum being obtained at the exhaust end of the turbine, Y).

According to the present invention, the steam is caused to flow through such a condenser in such a manner that at approximately all parts. of the condenser the f iow is along substantially vthe shortest path across the tubes.

In one way of carrying this invention into effect as shown in Fig 2, a baiiie, f, is arranged at the side of the condenser, a, opposite to that at which the steam enters by the inlet, d. This baille has perforations, g,

the area through which is small in relation to the area for the flow of steam between the tubes, L, by which means thesteam is disand vapor which has to be drawn away by the exhaust means suchas air pump, dry

.air pump or vacuum augmenter ,connected to the exhaust, e, at the bottom of the condenser. A suitable space, lo, is left between the rst rows of the tbes, h, and the wall of the condenser, a, on the side at which the inlet, d, is placed, in order that the steam may be distributed in a substantially even manner over the condenser surface through which it has to flow. The exhaust, e, may be separated from the tubes, 11 by a solid plate, m, so that the vapor to be withdrawn and the water of condensation must all pass through the perforated bale, f, at the back of the tubes, L.

Itis preferable that the lfirst few rows of the tubes, 71 which the steam encounters be arranged as illustrated in a rectangular net work with the tube pitch transverse to the iow ofsteam greater than the tube pitch in the direction of the flow of steam, the re mainder of the tubes, 71 being arranged in the usual equiangular pitching, or .in any other convenient manner. By this means the distribution of the steam in an even manner is further assisted, while the resistance to the flow of the steam is reduced. Y

Any other system of distribution of th tubes, h, may however be adopted,

Fig. 3, shows the general outline of the condenser shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The cooling water enters the header p, by the inlet n, passes through the tube nest to the left hand header g, and escapes by the outlet 0.

Having now described our invention what We claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is In combination in a surface condenser a casing, a tube nest within said casing, a free space within said casing on one side of said tube nest, a steam inlet opening into said free space, a second free space on the other side of said tube nest, a perforated baflie plate between said second free space and said tube nest, an outlet from said casing' communicating with said second free space the' distance between said inlet and said outlet being greater than the distance between said free spaces through said tube nest and perforated baile. A

In testlmony whereof, we afx our signatures in presence of two wltnesses. D

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS. STANLEY SMITH 000K.

. Witnesses:

WILLIAM SHEARER, ALBERT WILLIAM FARB. 

